Anita Desai, a renowned Indian novelist and Emerita John E. Burchard Professor of Humanities at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), has made an enduring impact on the literary world. Her illustrious career, marked by diverse contributions, has earned her acclaim, awards, and a cherished place in the hearts of readers around the globe.
Early Life and Inspirations
Born on June 24, 1937, in Mussoorie, India, to an unconventional couple—her Bengali businessman father, D. N. Mazumdar, and German immigrant mother, Toni Nime—Anita Desai’s upbringing was a unique blend of cultures. Raised in New Delhi alongside two elder sisters and a brother, she fluently navigated languages like Hindi, German, Bengali, Urdu, and English. Despite this linguistic richness, English became her chosen literary medium.
Embarking on her literary journey at the tender age of seven, Desai published her first story at nine, laying the foundation for a prolific writing career. Her educational path led her to Queen Mary’s Higher Secondary School and later earned her a B.A. in English literature from the University of Delhi’s Miranda House in 1957.
Marriage, Motherhood, and Literary Creation
In 1958, Anita Desai married Ashvin Desai, a director of a computer software company and author. This union, blessed with four children, including Booker Prize-winning novelist Kiran Desai, intertwined Desai’s life as a mother with her literary endeavours. The tranquil setting of Thul near Alibagh served as the backdrop for her celebrated novel “The Village by the Sea,” which not only garnered accolades but also won the prestigious 1983 Guardian Children’s Fiction Prize.
A Prolific Writing Journey
Anita Desai’s literary career commenced in 1963 with the publication of her debut novel, “Cry The Peacock.” Beyond her own works, she co-founded the publishing firm Writers Workshop in 1958, leaving an indelible mark on the literary landscape.
“Clear Light of Day” (1980), one of her most autobiographical works, explores themes of memory, identity, and personal growth in the neighbourhood of her upbringing. “In Custody” (1984), shortlisted for the Booker Prize, delves into the life of an Urdu poet, while “Fasting, Feasting” (1999) increased her popularity and acclaim.
Desai’s literary influence extended to academia as she assumed a role as a creative writing teacher at MIT in 1993. Her literary journey continued with works like “The Zigzag Way” (2004) and “The Artist of Disappearance” (2011).
Beyond Novels: Teaching and Recognition
Anita Desai’s expertise in creative writing found expression through teaching at institutions like Mount Holyoke College, Baruch College, and Smith College. Her contributions were acknowledged with honours, including being a Fellow of the Royal Society of Literature, the American Academy of Arts and Letters, and Girton College, Cambridge.
Silver Screen and Literary Accolades
Her literary works transitioned to the silver screen, notably with the adaptation of “In Custody” into a film by Merchant Ivory Productions in 1993. The film, directed by Ismail Merchant, received accolades and featured esteemed actors like Shashi Kapoor, Shabana Azmi, and Om Puri.
Anita Desai’s literary legacy was cemented with awards such as the Sahitya Akademi Award in 1978 for “Fire on the Mountain” and the Winifred Holtby Memorial Prize. Shortlisted for the Booker Prize three times, she received the Padma Bhushan in 2014, recognising her outstanding contributions to literature.
Selected Works and Lasting Impact
From “Cry, The Peacock” to “The Artist of Disappearance,” Anita Desai’s novels explore human emotions, complex relationships, and societal intricacies. Her enduring influence on Indian literature, dedication to storytelling, and ability to weave various facets of life into her narratives have established her as a literary luminary.
As an Indian novelist whose words resonate globally, Anita Desai continues to inspire writers and captivate readers with her powerful narratives. Her journey as a writer, mother, and educator exemplifies a life devoted to the art of storytelling.
